good morning Oz,
I'm not questioning your intelligence, Dystopic. I think you are better informed in this than I am. I was just seeing if I could articulate an intelligent counter-argument.
I sort of dialed the post up to "Suicidal", I guess.
not in the slightest, at least not as far as i'm concerned; i believe you're a rational and composed individual. and i didn't get the impression that you doubt my intelligence. the random bad mood notwithstanding, i try to be polite and civil - assuming i'm treated as such.
I have noticed over the years that many of the Marxist arguments are very eloquent, moving, and powerful. They are also great examples of mind control and propaganda. In order to talk about this statement you implictly accept its premise. These arguments come apart at close examination, but you have to work at it. It took me all day to verbalize what I felt.
and you raise very important questions. i myself don't fully agree with any theorist, Marxian or otherwise. i do accept the premise that there's a propoganda machine built up especially in the U.S., for two reasons. one is simply the advertising-media complex, how thickly it saturates everyday life. whether or not you view that as a source or propoganda is your decision, but i also feel that ideology pervades our society because i don't think it's possible to live outside ideology. real objectivity isn't possible by human beings, and the best course of action we can take is to try and see the ways we each think and act in accordance with ideologies. in other words, i think an aware person is reflexive.
maybe you don't feel that a propoganda machine surrounds your everyday life. it certainly doesn't seem as obvious or heavy-handed as that of Orwell's
1984. but i ask, did the inhabitants of Airstrip One seem aware of the propoganda machine surrounding them? it seemed stark to us because it's unfamiliar. if there's an effective machine surrounding us, it'd certainly be hard to see it. but after learning as much as i have about the institutional structure of the media and advertising, i believe these industries function as a propoganda machine. it isn't a nationalistic propoganda, it's a consumeristic one - but don't think for a second that means there isn't a political agenda behind the advertising propoganda.
Liberty cannot be domination. I can choose to be dominated, or not. I can choose to work for a tyrannical boss, or not. It becomes domination when the choices are made for me, without me.
to this, i have another Marcuse quote:
"Freedom of enterprise was from the beginning no altogether a blessing. As the liberty to work or to starve, it spelled toil, insecurity, and fear for the vast majority of the population. If the individual were no longer compelled to prove himself on the market, as a free economic subject, the disappearance of this freedom would be one of the greatest achievements of civilization."
is such a society possible? probably not in our lifetimes, but some current Marxians think mechanical automation is what'll cause a true communist revolution (none of that Soviet B.S.).
Poor logic. What can be and what is chosen defines the range of choice. What I see this saying is "the range of choice is not decisive, but the range of choice is", which is meaningless.
that statement makes less sense out of context. he builds up to it by describing how many people experience freedom as the choice between things with only minor differences, such as an SUV vs. a motorcycle (or Pepsi and Coke for a more obvious example). but that's still a limited freedom.
it'd be extremely difficult for me, for example, to chose to spend the rest of my life as a student. i know i'd love it - i love learning. no, it's not an impossible choice to make, but the costs of making it would be too high (ever-mounting debt that'd pass to a next of kin when i died, not to mention a life of student poverty). i think this is what he's getting at when he says, "...but what can be chosen and what is chosen." our society makes the cost of some choices nearly suicidal, but other choices are so totally easy that making them doesn't seem like choice but common sense.
for example, i don't drive. i don't even have a lisence, and at age 25 i never have. that might not be so hard to believe, except i live in southern california, where cars may well outnumber people. i made the choice, but when people find this out about me, they're shocked. i make about 32k/year, but in one of the country's most expensive cities, if i "chose" to drive like everyone else i'd barely have enough money to scrape by. yes, i save enough money by not driving to enjoy my free time, but it costs me a spiderweb of other choices i could make if i had a car and more money. if i did chose to have a car, i'd probably be urged towards a better-paying job so that i could enjoy the "freedom" opened up by owning a car (freedom which mostly amounts to being able to spend my money more places).
this line of reasoning often provokes accusatiosn of immaturity, that's it's naive to expect something for nothing. i hardly expect that. i bring up this idea as a way to highlight the pressures in our society that marginalize certain choices. there are, in think, few things that anyone can do to prevent people from making most choices they might make. but at the same time, there's virtually no limit to how much dissuation might be fostered - either through negative pressure, or by making the desired choices so much easier to make. it's not so much that there's a single conspirator; the structure of the society we continually re-create is the source of most of these pressures i'm talking about.
personally, i consider myself a pragmatist. society changes slowly, and revolution isn't an answer in my view (what's born of fire ends in fire). i avoid clinging to an overly elaborage central
belief - Marxian or otherwise. i consider communism an
idea that's worth keeping in mind. ideas aren't urgent, and they don't need to be right. belief is a trickier matter. i think Marxian communism is a good idea because it teaches us that we can enact our virtues through organized government. the basic idea of communism is to feed, shelter, and give unfettered access to health care, education and persnal development to everyone. personally, i'd say that's very much in line with the american idea of 'life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.'