Exactly what I meant Popup Target.
Currently the only way to really attack the population of a planet is to do a ground based attack (at least it was last time I played, haven't had time to play the beta recently), but if you do a bombardment or something like that I don't think it directly kills off any of the population, which leads to the cheese you meantioned above, therefore any type of attack on infrastructure or PQ (although I do think that PQ damaging attacks should be very limited), should also attack the population to the same (or a scaleble) percentage.
This would mean that an individual invasion would still last only one turn, but you could send in a transport with a small crew that would bombard the planet, then another one that would hold the full invasion force (your marines). This might also mean you'd design two different types of transport, with different modules (although I can't remember of the top of my head what modules there are).
As to selecting which buildings you bombard (Delta Leader), I think it'd work better if certian buildings had a higher chance of being chosen as bombardment targets by your commanders in the field, therefore these buildings (and the ones round them to a lesser or greater degree), would be the ones with the highest damage/first to be destroyed by the bombardment.
Also I think it'd be nice if we could decide how long our bombardment from space should go on for, i.e. a percent silder, 1 end being "only hit the highest threat buildings", at the other end "destroy everything!!! Mwwhhahahahhaaaaa!!!" Ahem, or something like that;).